VUAG Calculations Explained?

Hi. !!
Semi-newbie here, but really could do with some help if anyone can offer an insight?
Iā€™m wondering how Vangaurd calculate the returns on the S&P500 VUAG they are showing?
As an example, from 1/2/25 to 25/2/25 my ā€˜monetary potā€™ has reduced by 4.7%. For the same period, the S&P500 (listed on Google) has reduced by 1.4%. For the same period, the USD v GBP has reduced by 2.1%
My question is, how do Vanguard calculate everything - is there a formula? They wonā€™t offer how they calculate things which is a shame; I also understand this may be way above my ā€˜kiddie-newbie-investorā€™ brain, but Iā€™m pretty good with maths if iā€™m shown a formula!
I am in no way saying Vanguard are doing anything wrong, I just need to understandā€¦
Hoping someone can help :slight_smile:
Phil

Probably require further info - I think youā€™re mixing up the amount your return has dropped by the amount the index has dropped, the return drop will be magnified by the amount you are up in the first place.

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